Yellow fever: factors associated with death in a hospital of reference in infectious diseases, São Paulo, Brazil, 2018

Faced with the reemergence of yellow fever (YF) in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, we developed a retrospective study to describe the cases of YF attended at the Institute of Infectology Emilio Ribas from January to March 2018 and analyze the factors associated with death, from the information obtained in the hospital epidemiological investigation. A total of 72 cases of sylvatic YF were confirmed, with 21 deaths (29.2% lethality rate). Cases were concentrated in males (80.6%) and in the age group of 30 to 59 years (56.9%). Two logistic regression models were performed, with continuous variables adjusted for the time between onset of symptoms and hospitalization. The first model indicated age (odds ratiosadjusted [ORadj]: 1.038; CI 95%: 1.008-1.212), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (ORadj: 1.038; CI 95%: 1.005-1.072), and creatinine (ORadj: 2.343; CI 95%: 1.205-4.553) were independent factors associated with mortality. The second model indicated age (ORadj: 1.136; CI 95%: 1.013-1.275), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (ORadj: 1.118; CI 95%: 1.018-1.228), and creatinine (ORadj: 2.835; CI 95%: 1.352-5,941). The risk of death in the model with continuous variables was calculated from the increase of 1 year (age), 1 mg/dL (creatinine), and 100 U/L for AST and ALT. Another logistic regression analysis with dichotomous variables indicated AST > 1,841 IU/L (ORadj: 12.92; CI 95%: 1.50-111.37) and creatinine > 1.2 mg/dL (ORadj: 81.47; CI 95%: 11.33-585.71) as independent factors associated with death. These results may contribute to the appropriate clinical management of patients with YF in health-care services and improve the response to outbreaks and public health emergencies

Angiomatose bacilar com comprometimento osseo: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Bone lesions due to bacillary angiomatosis: case report and literature review

Bacillary angiomatosis is an infectious disease characterized by proliferation of small blood vessels in the skin and visceral organs of immunodeficient patients, mainly those infected with the human immunodeficiency v¡rus. ln this report, a 41-year-old man with seropositivity for HIV-1 presented with a five-months history of pain, edema, and movement restriction of his left wrist, elbow, knee, and ankle. In addition, he had nodular and ulcerated bleeding lesions in his right arm and leg, and a granulomatous nasal lesion. He had lost 8 kg in this five months period. He had sought an orthopedic medical center where long bone roentgenograms revealed diffuse lytic lesions, and bone scan showed uptake in left wrist, knee, and ankle. These findings were consistent with either neoplasm or osteomyelitis. During investigation, seropositivity for HIV-1 was detected. The patient was then referred to the Em¡lio Ribas lnfectious Diseases lnstitute [Instituto de Infectologia Em¡lio Ribas]. Histologic examination of bone and skin biopsy showed changes which are typical in bacillary angiomatosis cases. Electron microscopy findings were compatible with Bartonella species. Immunohistochemistry identified the bacteria as Bartonella quintana. Therapy with 2 g erythromycin per day was initiated. Cutaneous and osseous lesions were gradually resolved over the two ensuing months